Managing Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Overseeing Finance - Essay Example All costs associated with the production of merchandise should be caught by the costing framework received by an organization. The strategy for such expense catching relies upon the manufacturer’s business, and the type(s) of items made. The two significant strategies for costing are (a) Process Costing, and (b) Job Costing (Martin, 2009?). Procedure costing is the ordinary strategy for catching the expense in most assembling businesses particularly when the items are delivered in huge numbers utilizing a succession of dreary activities. Regularly, the items are typically indistinguishable and can not be isolated. Under this strategy, the expense of item is known toward the finish of a specific assembling activity. The expense of each procedure (or division) is caught utilizing one of the costing strategies. The immediate cost inferable from the item is determined by office, and roundabout expenses are apportioned to the items. Ventures commonly incorporate materials, coal, cigarettes, shoes, gas, steel, glass, autos, gas, water, power, and so forth. Employment costing is utilized for enterprises where assembling happens against a particular request. This strategy is helpful for following the expenses of exceptional items, which are typically made to a particular request. In this costing procedure, costs are collected by occupations, parts, or groups. Businesses that utilization this costing technique incorporate shipbuilding, development ventures, huge agreements, work printing, and so on. Assimilation costing is otherwise called Full Costing. Under this framework, all immediate assembling expenses, and all assembling overheads (counting fixed and variable overheads) are dispensed to the items. This costing idea is suggested for outside revealing according to Accounting Standards Committee (SSAP 9). The impediment of this framework is that the item expenses can not be utilized for inward dynamic as they would tend to

Disembodied Existence Essay

A semantic savant vigorously bolsters this announcement, since it is a logical inconsistency in wording, utilizing their monistic musings. To them eternal life, is a conflicting idea, since you can't keep on living, after you have kicked the bucket; it would be enduring passing. The idea of free presence to the phonetic rationalist can't be intelligibly clarified on the grounds that it is an inconsistency, as they as of now hold the presupposition of monism, which accepts that spirit and body are one element, which can't be isolated. For them a free presence, isn't an alternative and consequently utilizing semantic way of thinking, the reason of bodiless presence doesn't hold well, in light of the fact that there ought to be no post-existence. Different masterminds have scrutinized with this kind of theory, however they themselves are dualists. For instance, Schlick contends that it is conceivable to have post-existence, by guaranteeing you could observer your own burial service. It presently, becomes conceivable that free endurance is reasonable and not a logical inconsistency in wording, starting here of view, as brain and body after death could have been have been isolated, as they are composite natures, to the dualist. So when the body is encountering the burial service forms, your psyche can be viewing from elsewhere. Pronouns, for example, ‘you’, ‘her’, etc, are utilized in semantic way of thinking to allude the individual, and chiefly the genuineness of the individual, however on the off chance that the setting changes, the implications of the pronouns can be applied to others things, for example, the non-physical items. In this way, it is likewise substantial to guarantee that, the pronoun ‘I’ isn't care for different pronouns. At the point when you utilize the word, ‘I’-it isn't regarding the rawness of yourself, however you are alluding to your mindset. It is emotional, and individual. The ‘I’ doesn't allude to the body yet to the brain inside the body, and thusly in the event that individuals can discuss themselves without thought of their body, at that point incorporeal presence of both themselves as well as other people, turns out to be less opposing and intelligent starting here of view. Then again, regardless of whether the semantics were to acknowledge the eternal life recommendation, they could contend the issues of ID, since now, we remember others, by their genuineness. We take a gander at an individual and think, ‘Ah yes earthy colored hair-that is Susan’. Others know the individual by their physical natures, similar to voice, etc. Be that as it may, when we are in this the great beyond world, how are we to perceive each other without a body or voice? To them, recognizable proof of others gets unimaginable without the body, and along these lines they advocate that the free endurance, to a logical inconsistency and mixed up, however tricky. Albeit, numerous contentions have assaulted this stand, the least demanding way to deal with this issue is to contend that an individual knows someone else, by their rawness, yet in addition by their own, particular and extraordinary character. For dualists, character isn't a piece of the rawness, yet a psyche state. Therefore, whenever free presence is to be acknowledged, for a dualist, the distinguishing proof of others isn't an inconsistency, and is sensible and cognizant. The coherency of free presence can be bolstered by instances of clairvoyance, which additionally respects the functions of brain states, without physical info. Clairvoyance shows that the idea of bodiless endurance isn't just possible, and can be seen intelligibly and clairvoyance is to some degree substantial proof, as it tends to be demonstrated, through rigid tests, likewise by investigating the records as of now available to us, on the grounds that the brain can work autonomously to the body. The other issue, of broadcasting the way of thinking of immaterial post-existence, is continuation. For us to endure demise and even start to talk about the odds of a life following death, there must be this relentless stream; a coherence of us. The individual who passes on and endures demise ought to be us, we are the ones to move in to the great beyond. Physco-physical promoter, John Hick’s utilizes his popular, Replica Theory, so as to show that, coherence is sensible chance. Hick’s start by saying envision an individual sitting some place, and afterward out of nowhere quits existing in that place, just to exist elsewhere, without venturing to that new place. Some could contend this individual isn't the real individual who had vanished, yet looking at the individual being referred to completely, for example, recollections, stomach substance and fingerprints, it turns out to be them, regardless of whether they themselves don't have a clue how they arrived in any case. The individual at the runner up would be viewed as a careful ‘replica’ of the individual who passed on. The copy is made as soon the individual kicks the bucket, and they can't exist at the same time. At that point envision, if that individual passed on, and developed in the subsequent spot. Despite the fact that this isn't conventional, it could occur. He utilizes these two occasions to guarantee, that if an individual passes on here, just to return in a different universe, it can occur, and nothing isn't right with accepting that it happens. This hypothesis is utilized to show the coherence of ourselves, in entering existence in the wake of death. It appears to be rational and totally coherent, along these lines free presence isn't inconsistency. As a matter of fact, there are issues with this hypothesis, as it doesn't demonstrate progression by any stretch of the imagination, on the grounds that the copy turns into the issue. At the point when we bite the dust, the imitation is heading off to the great beyond, not us - the first. The progression stops for the briefest of minutes, when the imitations are made, and starting there, the contention never again is intelligent, as it attempts to advocate congruity however gets conflicting, on the grounds that the copy, used to keep up the lucidness, turns into the article that begins the logical inconsistency, since it stop the rationality. It appears that if discusses bodiless endurance were to be considered, the coherency, the absence of proof and the recurrence of its logical inconsistency would turn into a significant issue, in especially with the Replica Theory. A clarification for a sort of bodiless presence can be clarified by utilizing both abstract and target everlasting status contentions. Starting with abstract eternality, it suggests that Jesus’ educating and Gospel records, the revival and the way that we put stock in a God of affection, we can legitimized in accepting that we could have a free presence. Different reasons originate from the philosophical thinking nearby, for example, Plato’s and Kant’s theory, which contends for the soul’s everlasting status, and furthermore the human ability to try and experience the ‘eternal’ seems to imply that there must be something that is interminable is us. It is questioned, honestly, that despite the fact that we can encounter little of the idea ‘eternal’ we don't really need to be interminable. There are characteristics that are related with the celestial, that we appear to know about ,, for example, empathy and absolution, and still we are not divine ourselves. Accordingly bodiless endurance can not be lucidly clarified Likewise, it isn't sensible to contend from the Platonic rendition of the undying soul or the ethical contention as spoke to by Kant, in light of the fact that there is no experimental proof to help both of these. The interminability of the spirit is profoundly subject to the universe of the Forms which presently can't seem to be demonstrated, much the same as, the Kantian good contention, which calls for there to be a God to furnish us with the best in another life. Once more, God is a doubtful, unsupported idea. A contention can't be utilized to demonstrate something different, on the off chance that it isn't substantiated itself.

Analysing the liquidity of Starren PLC (trend analysis) Essay

Analysing the liquidity of Starren PLC (trend analysis) Essay Analysing the liquidity of Starren PLC (trend analysis) â€" Essay Example > Analysing the liquidity of Starren PLC (trend analysis) Analysing the liquidity of Starren PLC (trend analysis) For any business it is crucial to have sufficient liquidity in terms of liquid assets to meet its operational needs. These liquid assets are reported on the face of the balance sheet of a company as current assets. These assets are not held to maturity but instead they are for day-to-day operations of the business. In this report, the liquidity position of the Starren PLC is investigated by determining key financial ratio values and their explanation and importance to the business. The financial ratios selected for analysis are the current ratio and quick ratio. Their values are calculated for five-years period from 1988 to 1992. 1988 Jan 30 1989 Jan 28 1990 Feb 3 1991 Feb 2 1992 Feb 1 Liquidity Ratios Current Ratio 2.43 1.75 2.25 2.57 3.20 Current Assets 234.80 328.40 545.10 776.90 791.90 Current Liabilities 96.70 187.60 241.90 302.20 247.40 Quick Ratio 0.62 0.41 0.71 1.10 1.48 Current Assets 234.80 328.40 545.10 776.90 791.90 Stock 174.50 251.90 374.40 443.50 425.70 Current Liabilities 96.70 187.60 241.90 302.20 247.40 It could be noted that the company’s position has considerably improved over the period of analysis. The following graph depicts the trend observed in the values of both current ratio and quick ratio. Current Ratio The current ratio is an important measure of the firm’s liquidity position. It determines the value of the company’s current assets as a proportion to its current liabilities. It assesses whether the company has sufficient current assets to cover its current liabilities if they fall due for any reason such as slowdown in business, seasonal fluctuations in sales, delays in receipts, etc. The benchmark value of the current ratio is 1 (Mayes Shank, 2011). It could be noted from the results that the values of the current ratio remained more than 1 in all five years. It implied that the company had more current assets than its current liabilities. Upon examination of the balance sheet, it could be noted that majority of the company’s current assets were in stocks. Over the years, the company’s cash and securities value increased significantly i. e. 1208% in five years. It is crucial for the company to maintain healthy cash position that would allow the company to invest in its operations, improvements, or expansion activities. Overall, the company’s current assets have increased by 237% in five years. On the other hand, the company had been successful in managing its current liabilities effectively. The major constituent of the company’s current assets is the creditors account that recorded 248% growth in the five-years period. Overall, current liabilities of the company increased by 156% that remained below the growth rate of current assets. Quick Ratio Another important measure of liquidity is the quick ratio. It excludes stocks from current assets when measuring the company’s liquidity. The reason for excluding stock is that the company’s stocks are less liquid as compared to other current assets and companies often fail to find buyers for their stocks in times of financial difficulties or they do not receive full value of their stocks (Mayes Shank, 2011). The quick ratio value also increased over the five-years period. Similar to the current ratio value, the quick ratio value felt in 1989 as there was a sharp increase in the company’s creditors account. From 1998 to 1990, the quick ratio value was below 1. However, in the last two years of analysis, its value went above 1 that reflected a positive sign of improved liquidity position. It could be concluded that the company had a strong liquidity position and it is less likely to face any immediate financial difficulties in the coming years. Reference Mayes, ?T. Shank, T., 2011. Financial Analysis with Microsoft Excel. Mason: Cengage Learning.

The United States Is An Effective System Of Government Essay

The United States democracy is an effective system of government carefully crafted by the founding fathers to ensure that nobody can gain too much power over the rest. When the founding fathers were drafting the constitution they were referring to a person or a group when referring to â€Å"Tyranny†. Unfortunately tyranny has arisen in the United States, but not in the way anyone expected, race has become a form of tyranny. The tyrannical white majority has been a large influence in the United States ever since inception and have been substantially prevalent around events in the US like reconstruction, civil rights movement, and the election of the first african american president of the united states. Many have identified and have tried to counteract the problem of tyranny of the white majority, but to no avail. Democratic reform like the Voting rights act, civil rights act, brown v board of education, and the election of president obama have failed to help counteract t he problem of tyranny of the white majority seen in the United States. The tyranny of the white majority doesn’t have one specific definition, but it is ever prevalent in society. The definition has been reformed over time with changing times. The tyranny of the white majority is a system of oppression in the us government where the whites in the united states have stronger influence over laws and the general government giving the minorities less power in the government. This has been seen in theShow MoreRelatedEssay on United States Government and Federalism1473 Words   |  6 Pagestwo centuries the United States has grappled with the idea of federalism. 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Both Australia and the United States have two chambers, the House of Representatives and the Senate. Parliament Education office, (2016) states that there are numerous similarities between these twoRead MoreHamilton vs. Jefferson: Political Philosophies of the 1800s1120 Words   |  5 Pagescompeting political philosophies have always existed throughout the United States’ relatively short history: one seeking to increase the power of the central government, and one seeking to decrease it. During the 1800s these two conflicting philosophies were acted out by the Federalist and the Democratic Republican parties, respectively. The Federalists, led by Alexander Hamilton, advocated t he importance of a strong central government in leading the country forward, while the Democratic RepublicansRead MoreWhy Corporations Are Avoiding Paying Millions On The Government Of The United States And Other Countries975 Words   |  4 PagesCorporations are avoiding paying taxes to the government of the United States and other countries. This tax avoidance costs the governments of various countries millions, if not billions of dollars in tax revenue every year. The government needs to stop the manipulation of tax loopholes by US corporations who are avoiding paying millions of dollars in taxes each year and eliminate the tax havens and loopholes once and for all. Tax loopholes need to be eliminated because multinational corporationsRead MoreForeign Policy : The United States Economy And Social Problems1110 Words   |  5 PagesBremmer states that the United States should let those boiling points in Europe and the Middle East be handled by their own countries. This idea focuses on the betterment of the United States economy and social problems. Pointing to the recent events in Ukraine the Independent approach makes the point of the fact that the American people do not want to continue the involvement in the Baltic States and would much rather focus on issues within the homeland. However, the United States government has already

Family Delphinidae

Delphinidae is the family of animals commonly known as the dolphins. This is the largest family of cetaceans.Members of this family are commonly called dolphins or delphinids. The Family Delphinidae includes such recognizable species as the bottlenose dolphin, the killer whale (orca), the  Atlantic white-sided dolphin,  Pacific white-sided dolphin, spinner dolphin,  common dolphin, and pilot whales. Dolphins are vertebrates and marine mammals. Origin of the Word Delphinidae The word Delphinidae comes from the Latin word delphinus, meaning dolphin. Delphinidae Species Cetaceans in the Family Delphinidae are  Odontocetes or  toothed whales. There are  38 species  in this family.   Characteristics of Delphinidae The Delphinidae are generally fast, streamlined animals with a pronounced beak, or rostrum.   Dolphins have cone-shaped teeth, an important characteristic that distinguishes them from porpoises. They have one blowhole, which distinguishes them from baleen whales, which have a pair of blowholes.   Dolphins also use echolocation to find their prey. They have an organ in their head called a melon which they use to focus clicking sounds which they produce. The sounds bounce off objects around them, including prey. In addition to its use in finding prey, delphinids also use echolocation to communicate with other dolphins and to navigate. How Big Are Dolphins? According to the Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals, the Delphinidae can range in size from about 4 or 5 feet (e.g., Hectors dolphin and the spinner dolphin) to about 30 feet in length (the killer whale, or orca). Where Do Dolphins Live? Delphinids live in a wide range of habitats, from coastal to pelagic areas.   Dolphins in Captivity Dolphins, especially bottlenose dolphins, are kept in captivity in aquaria and marine parks. They are also kept in some facilities for research. Some of these animals are once-wild animals that came into a rehabilitation center and were unable to be released. The first marine park in the U.S. was  Marine Studios, now known as Marineland. This park began exhibiting bottlenose dolphins in the 1930s. Since dolphins were first displayed in aquaria, the practice has become more controversial, with activists and animal welfare advocates especially concerned about the stress levels and health of captive cetaceans, especially orcas. Dolphin Conservation Dolphins are also sometimes the victims of drive hunts, which have grown more widely known and controversial. In these hunts, dolphins are killed for their meat and to be sent to aquariums and marine parks. Even before that, people advocated for the protection of dolphins, who were dying by the thousands in nets used to catch tuna. This led to the development and marketing of dolphin-safe tuna. In the U.S., all dolphins are protected by the Marine Mammal Protection Act.   References and Further Information Committee on Taxonomy. 2014. List of marine mammal species and subspecies. Society for Marine Mammalogy, Accessed October 31, 2015.Perrin, W. F., Wursig, B., and J.G.M. Thewissen, editors. Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals. Academic Press.

Monster Mini Golf Free Essays

Monster Mini Golf, an indoor, 18-hole, glow-in-the-dark, monster-themed family entertainment center created and developed by husband and wife Patrick and Christina Vitagliano, started its operations in 2004 under Monster Entertainment, LLC. In the hopes of expanding operations and taking full advantage of the increasing popularity of family oriented entertainment centers, Monster Entertainment, LLC opened its doors to interested franchisees in 2005. The estimated capital investment needed to set up a franchise of Monster Mini Golf ranges from $147,000 to $255,000, which already includes the franchise fee of $30,000. We will write a custom essay sample on Monster Mini Golf or any similar topic only for you Order Now Initial term of the Franchise Agreement is five years and franchise is renewable for three successive terms of five years each. There is also a royalty fee of 9% of gross sales paid weekly for their continuing support services. Monster Entertainment, LLC has designed an easy to use business system for the franchisees of Monster Mini Golf. Aside from the support from management office, they also entitled to the following benefits: Training. All franchisees are required to participate in a comprehensive training course that lasts approximately four weeks. This intensive program focuses on all aspects of the franchise system, products, services and techniques in operating the business. Training also covers management methods pertaining to personnel, office, sales, computer software and marketing procedures. On-site assistance. Management provides an on-site assistance to franchisees two weeks before the scheduled opening. Aside from this, they also conduct periodic site visits to provide guidance and assistance in the franchisee’s operations. 1.   All franchisees will also receive a Monster Mini Golf Operations Manual that contains specifications, standards, procedures and recommendations to aid investors in the operation of their Monster Mini Golf franchises. Marketing materials and website development. Franchisees are provided with various publicity, advertising materials and other promotional items. Each location will also be given its own section in the company’s website. Protected area or exclusive territory. Monster Entertainment, LLC awards only a limited number of franchises per geographic location based on franchisee’s location, population and drive time to the guaranteed site. To be considered for a possible franchise rights, interested parties are asked to complete and submit Confidential Franchise Info Request form available online. Selection is based on the applicant’s disposition, sales, customer service skills, and their experience in basic inventory control, money management and budgeting. Other qualifications include maturity, judgment, stability and adaptability. One important issue that a prospective franchisor must consider is the local government regulations and taxes. In the United States, franchising is governed by both federal and state laws and in other countries, the industry is being regulated. State registration though, may not be necessary depending on the franchise’s location. Other legal matters important to the set-up of a franchise would include compliance issues and documentation requirements. Other economic and financial factors that a franchisor must also look at include organizational structures, accounting practices, financial projections, financial responsibilities and anticipated market conditions. References http://www.monsterminigolf.com http://www.franchisegator.com http://www.francorpconnect.com http://www.entrepreneur.com http://pennsylvania.franchisesolutions.com/business_for_sale http://www.franchise.org http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode How to cite Monster Mini Golf, Essay examples

Epic Conventions in the Epic Odyssey free essay sample

Athena counter-argues by describing Odysseus as an exception to this rule. Hermes tries to argue that Odysseus butchered the sacred cattle of the sun god Apollo, but Athena refutes him by claiming that Hermes committed a similar crime himself. She states that the gods should realise that if they fail to help humans they will be forgotten. Zeus concludes that Odysseus should be allowed to find his way back to Ithaca. BODY He tells his first adventure at the island of the Lotus Eaters. He and twelve of his men landed on shore after ten days lost at sea. They discovered the Lotus Eaters there.Odysseus tells his men not to eat the Lotus plant. If they do, they will never want to return home. The Lotus Eaters meant Odysseus and his men no harm. Odysseus and his crew left and later found themselves in the land of the Cyclopes. Dangerous and reckless giants. We will write a custom essay sample on Epic Conventions in the Epic Odyssey or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Odysseus was overwhelmed with curiosity. He took with him a crew of men and explored the land. In a cave, he found a mountain of a man. Odysseus and his crew went into his cave and found that Polyphemus was gone. They ate some of his cheese and waited. Polyphemus came back and sealed the entrance shut. They were trapped. The men hid but Polyphemus would find them soon.When he did, he ate two men from the crew of Odysseus. When he awoke in the morning, he began to think of ways to defeat the giant. Polyphemus was out with his sheep. Odysseus decided to carve an olive tree into a giant stake and drive it through Polyphemus giant eye. Odysseus decided to get Polyphemus drunk, once he was knocked out, he and his men would strike. Odysseus gave Polyphemus the liquor Eunthes son Maron had given him. Polyphemus drank until he was fuddled and flushed. Odysseus then told him his name was Nohbdy. After Polyphemus was asleep. Odysseus and his men went in for the kill.With the huge pike of olives, they blinded Polyphemus. The men escaped. The other Cyclopse asked Polyphemus who had blinded him. Polyphemus hollered Nohbdy, Nohbdys tricked me, Nohbdys tricked me! Odysseus and his men finally escaped and traveled to the islands of Aeolus, god of the winds. He gave Odysseus a bag of winds. Odysseus men felt that he wasnt sharing the treasures they opend the bag of winds and they blew them back to Aeolus. Later on in a thick forested land, the goddess Circe turned Odysseus men to pigs. Odysseus forced her to turn them back with a magical herb given to him by messenger god, Hermes.Odysseus was told by Tireseas, a blind prophet that he would eventually return home. He just couldnt injure Helios cattle. He would also meet the deadly sirens and Scylla who lives above a ship wrecking whirlpool named Charybdis. EPILOGUE Odysseus has now been gone for twenty years. His wife and everyone else think he is dead. Penelope has many suitors insisting that she marries one of them. Odysseuss son, Telemachus escapes an ambush planned by the suitors and ends up in Ithaca. Athena disguises Odysseus as an old beggar and tells him to live with a swineherd named Eumaeus. Telemachus knows of his fathers return, but tells nobody.He is the first of the Greek epic heroes to be renowned for his brain as well as his muscle. * Peisistratus   The gallant young son of Nestor. He is the companion of Telemachus on his journey through the Peloponnesus. * Philoetius   The chief cowherd of Odysseus; he is brave and loyal and, despite his age, stands besides his master during the battle with the suitors. 11. Statement of the theme or argument * Men, when they are courageous and lucky, even in a hostile environment, can overcome the odds against their survival.

The Battle Of Vicksburg Essays - Vicksburg, Mississippi,

The Battle Of Vicksburg Tom Murphy Sec G. The Battle of Vicksburg The battle of Vicksburg was the turning point in the war in the west. Unlike many civil war battles Vicksburg did not have multiple names; it was know as Vicksburg by both north and south. The battle took place in Mississippis Warren County at Vicksburg. From May 18 to July 4 in the year of 1863 Major General U.S. Grant (Union) attempted to lay siege on Vicksburg. His opponent was Lieutenant General John C. Pemberton. Grants troops came upon Vicksburg he trapped Pembertons troops in the town. The siege went on through the month of June. On July 4, 1863 the Confederates surrendered. The number of casualties for the south was tremendous. The Confederates suffered 31,275 troops dead while the Union only lost 4,550 people. It was because of this that they surrendered. The Union now controlled the Mississippi river splitting the confederacy in half. Grants success made his reputation even better. This eventually led to his appointment as General-in-Chief of the Union Armies. Religion Essays

Determining Training Effectiveness The WritePass Journal

Determining Training Effectiveness Abstract Determining Training Effectiveness ) and in order for organizations to effectively design training programs, it is essential to consider the points made in this theory (Munley, 1977). Likewise, another important aspect of measuring training effectiveness is choosing the most appropriate evaluation method as emphasized in the Learning Styles Theory included in Kolb’s model (Sugarman, 1985). These main theories and others such as Maslow’s hierarchy of individual needs (Huitt, 2007) and Herzberg’s two factor theory (Gardener, 2011) will be included in the discussion concerning the measurement of training effectiveness in the dissertation and accordingly give rise to the following research questions. Research Questions What is the importance of evaluating training effectiveness and why is it needed in organizations? What methods can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of training in organizations? How can organizations choose evaluation methods relevant to the type of training they offer? 3.   Methodology Data Collection: The data collected for this study will be qualitative and quantitative in nature and this study will make use of both primary and secondary data for the purpose of research. Secondary data will be collected through the means of journals, online sources, books, company prospectuses, and other academic sources. This study will also use the aid of primary material in the form of questionnaires and interviews in order to gain fresh insight into the topic. As this study is an exploratory study requiring an in-depth analysis of the mentioned topic, the study will aim to incorporate and examine as much relevant literature as possible and also use the aid of primary research   in order to compare the findings of the literature review with fresh data retrieved through questionnaires and interviews.   The proposed methods are most appropriate because a substantial amount of literature is available on the topic and the use of questionnaires and interviews are most convenient for gathering primary data. Data Analysis: The data collected will be analyzed through the means of classic content analysis and through the evaluation and interpretations of the researcher regarding the data in question. The researcher will compare and contrast the data available and find relevance in the material available used for the purpose of research in order to derive conclusions regarding the data (Hsieh Shannon, 2005). The closed-ended data in the questionnaire will be analyzed through the means of statistical measures to numerate the most popular responses. Open-ended questions in the questionnaire will be analyzed through classic content analysis. Access: Access to data is available through online sources, libraries, and the researcher’s own collection of literature regarding the mentioned topic. Access to companies for the sake of primary research will be gained through permission and scheduling a time for the interview and dispersement of questionnaire. Research Limitations: The limitations of this research include that it may be difficult to gain access to company employees for the sake of primary research and honest responses in questionnaires cannot be guaranteed. Moreover, there are often problems in correctly evaluating qualitative data and arriving at valid and reliable conclusions (Hsieh Shannon, 2005). Timescale:    Data Collection†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Organizing Data†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Data Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Writing First Draft†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Proofreading First Draft†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Finishing and Submitting Dissertation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ References Gardner, G. 2011. â€Å"Is there a Valid Test to Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory?†. Journal of Occupational Psychology. Vol. 50:3 pp 197-204 Hsieh, HF. Shannon, SE. 2005. â€Å"Three Approaches to Qualitative Content  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Analysis†. Quality Health Records.   Vol. 15:9 pp. 1277-1288 Huitt, W. 2007. â€Å"Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs†. Educational Psychology Interactive. [online] Accessed on: 4th February, 2013 Available at: edpsycinteractive.org/topics/conation/maslow.html Munley, PH. 1977. â€Å"Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development and Career Development†. Journal of Vocational Behavior. Vol. 10:3 pp.261-269 Newstorm, JW. 1995. â€Å"Evaluating Training Programs: The Four Levels by Donald L. Kirkpatrick (1994)† Human Resource Development Quarterly. Vol. 6:3 pp.317-320 Rae, L. 1985. How to Measure Training Effectiveness. Aldershot: England Reeves, MF. 1990. â€Å"An Application of Bloom’s Taxonomy to the Teaching of Business Ethics†. Journal of Business Ethics. Vol. 9:7 pp.609-616 Sugarman, L. 1985. â€Å"Kolb’s Model of Experiental Learning: Touchstone for Trainers, Students, Counsellors, and Clients.† Journal of Counselling and Development. Vol. 64:4 pp. 264-268 Walsh, BM. 2011. â€Å"Workplace Incivility: A Model of Training Effectiveness† Thesis: University of Connecticut Zwik, T. 2012. â€Å"Training effectiveness- differences between older and younger employees†. Working and ageing. Vol. 4

Property law Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Property law - Case Study Example This means that with Barney as the surviving owner, the actual owner of the piece of land was Barney and not Opie. In effect, Opie did not have the right to use the property as collateral, and the lender did not have legal possession in the property for foreclosure to take effect. Generally, foreclosure is applicable because foreclosure applies as a legal right given to a mortgage holder, who in this case was the lender to take total possession of the property or sell the property out so as to use the proceeds to pay an outstanding debt (Alfredo, 2012). The lender therefore had no covering for this as he had used a property that was not the legal ownership of the borrower. Hitherto, the only form of plea that can be available for Andy’s son is for him to seek repayment negotiations with the lender with more favorable terms of payment. As Barney’s lawyer also, a direct claim shall be made on the property forthwith. Abandoning of property for 20 years According to Article 1 to 40 of North Carolina Adverse Possession Law, The person in possession thereof, or defendant in the action, or those under whom he claims, has possessed the property under known and visible lines and boundaries adversely to all other person for 20 years. What this means that as the lawyer of Barnie, the best form of legal redress that can be sought to incriminate Ernest of his actions and thus get Barney back as the legal owner of the piece of land is by investigating into the time that Ernest had actually started any work on the land. This is especially important as construction of a cabin has already started taking place on the land. Even though Kubasek (2012) explains that adverse possession entitles a person to acquire ownership of property, with neither protest nor permission for the real owner, the North Carolina adverse possession law seems to supersede this in interpretation by giving a definite time frame when adverse possession can take effect. As investigations go on to claim the land back, law suits will also be made against the approach used by Ernest, which could be said to be a threat on the life of Barney. Eviction from residence due to eminent domain The eviction that Barney faces from his Carolina Beach residence is not just an ordinary eviction from a property but one that is explained in legal terms as eminent domain. In simple terms, this is a situation whereby the government is given the right to takeover a private property, once payment has been done for a purpose that benefits the general welfare (Kubasek, 2012). Since government has showed evidence that the property that was to be taken was going to be used for a resort, which will clearly generate jobs and income for the area, it is strongly posited that Barney would have no legal justification to litigate the claim of the property. As the lawyer however, what will be done is to ensure that the government through the town attorney is taken on its words to ensure that Barney gets the full compensation that is due him. In the bargain for compensation, it will not only be the market value of the property that will be looked at but also the personal interest that Barney will loss in having to relocate to a totally new

The theory to the Study of International Relations Essay

The theory to the Study of International Relations - Essay Example It is worthwhile to take a look at the above definitions and examine whether International Relations truly reflect the emotions and desires of the people of the erstwhile Soviet-bloc. It could help to understand the principles of Realism, Marxism, Liberalism, and Constructivism, the major international relations theories to substantiate this study. Equality was what it preached. No doubt, the business class had to share its spoils with the working class, but on the whole, Marxism sought to suppress the feudal system of class discrimination. Realism was more State oriented. It chose to look at national interests more than others. Security and power is their aim. Despite the fall of the cold war, America is seen as the global policeman. Despite rising poverty and unemployment at home, America is more preoccupied with interests elsewhere. Liberalism is what the younger generation craves for. Independence and basic needs and wants are their vision. In the light of the revelation, it has become clear that the critical theory of International Relations is a jig-saw puzzle indeed. In the words of the Mahatma: â€Å"Interdependence is and ought to be as much the ideal of man as self-sufficiency. Man is a social being. Without interrelation with society, he cannot realize his oneness with the universe or suppress his egotism. His social interdependence enables him to test his faith and to prove himself on the touchstone of reality† Mahatma Gandhi, 1929, sums up the real thoughts of our young couple at Trafalgar Square.... There are two schools of thought, one looks to strengthened international law and international organizations to preserve peace; the other emphasizes that nations will always use their power to achieve goals and sees the key to peace in a balance of power among competing states. (R. Aron, H. J. Morgenthau, F. S. Northedge, and M. J. Grieve, www.answers.com/topic/international-relations) In other words, International Relations are the relationship between people of different races and divide. The world order is changing. Technology has brought people much closer. There is a general consensus that mankind is one and that this world is for all to share it equally. So what was it that attracted the majority of communist nations turn to the Liberals and Realists Critical Analysis In the context, it is worthwhile to take a look at the above definitions and examine whether International Relations truly reflect the emotions and desires of the people of the erstwhile Soviet-bloc. It could help to understand the principles of Realism, Marxism, Liberalism, and Constructivism, the major international relations theories to substantiate this study. Realism is commonly defined as a concern for fact or reality and rejection of the impractical and visionary. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Realism#Realism_in_international_relations) Realists believe that hard power, a concept used in realism, refers to national power through military and economic means. This holds true with the foreign policy advocated by the United States. Realism focused on States and national interest. In a speech before his nation launched an offensive against Afghanistan, President Bush said, "We are supported by the collective will of the

Loss of Brain Nerve Cells in Alzheimers Disease

Loss of Brain Nerve Cells in Alzheimers Disease Fig-6: Showing neuronal death due to inflammation and oxidative stress. Adenosine Deaminase (ADA), and Neuropsychiatric Disorders:- Adenosine is a neuromodulator of brain function that is uniquely positioned to integrate excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission and neuroprotective actions in pathological conditions. The understanding of adenosine production and release in the brain is therefore of fundamental importance and has been extensively studied (ADA-8). Adenosine metabolism in the brain is very important, and its dysregulation has been implicated in pathophysiology of several neuropsychiatric disorders, since it modulates the release of several neurotransmitters such as glutamate, dopamine, serotonin and acetylcholine, decreases neuronal activity by pos-synaptic hyperpolarization and inhibits dopaminergic activity. Adenosine deaminase participates in purine metabolism by converting adenosine into inosine (ADA-7). (The production and metabolism of adenosine is given in the Fig.7) Adenosine deaminase (ADA, adenosine aminohydrolase, EC 3.5.4.4), an enzyme involved in the metabolism of purine nucleosides, catalyses the irreversible hydrolytic deamination of adenosine (Ado) and 2 ´-deoxyadenosine (2 ´-dAdo) to inosine and 2 ´- deoxyinosine, respectively. The enzyme is widely distributed in vertebrate tissues and plays a critical role in a number of physiological systems. In nature, several isoforms of ADA are known that differ by molecular mass, kinetic properties and tissue distribution (ADA-2). It plays a role in the development and functioning of T lymphomonocytes. Levels of this enzyme increase during the mitogenic and antigenic response of lymphocytes, whereas ADA inhibitors limited the blastogenesis of lymphocytes; thus, ADA levels are higher in T cells than in B lymphocytes. ADA was previously recognized as a cytosolic enzyme; however, it is currently known to be present at the surfaces of cells, in particular T lymphocytes, to interact with some membrane proteins, including CD-26/DPP IV, and is considered an ecto-enzyme. This co-localization of DPP IV/CD-26 and ADA at T cells is important for the activation of T cells because the interaction of ADA and CD-26 at the T cells results in co-stimulatory signs responsible for the activation of the T cell receptor (ada ). Long considered to be an immune-privileged site because of the presence of the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) and the lack of a lymphatic system, it is now well-established that the brain is fully capable of mounting inflammatory responses in response to invading pathogens, trauma, or ischemic events (G-17). Fig. 7 Pathways of adenosine production, metabolism and transport, with indications of the sites of action of various enzyme inhibitors. Abbreviations are as follows: ADA, adenosine deaminase; AK, adenosine kinase; AOPCP, a,b-methylene ADP; DCF, deoxycoformycin; EHNA, erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenosine; es, equilibrativesensitive nucleoside transporters; ei, equilibrative- insensitive nucleoside transporters; 5-IT, 5-iodotubercidin; NBMPR, nitrobenzylthioinosine; PDE, cAMP phosphodiesterase; SAH, S-adenosyl homocysteine. Activation of oligodendrocytes results in secretion of inflammatory molecules, such as nitric oxide (NO), cytokines, and prostaglandins and most  notably in upregulation of several chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, including NG2, which contributes to the growth-inhibitory environment that prevents regeneration of axons in the injured CNS. In summary, in acute situations and when short lived, neuro-inflammatory mechanisms generally limit injury and promote healing; however, when neuro-inflammation becomes chronic it can damage viable host tissue, resulting in compromised neuronal survival and cognitive impairment. For these reasons, inflammation in the CNS has been appropriately described as a two-edged sword (G-17). Again Hcy activates cytokines and pro-inflammatory molecules, such as IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-12, IL-18, IL- 1 receptor antagonist, C-reactive protein, adhesion molecules (P-selectin, E-selectin, ICAM-1), and metalloproteinases (MMP-9). In addition, Hcy up-regulates reactive oxygen species, leading to activation of NF-kappa B, the pro-inflammatory nuclear regulatory molecule (G-3). On the other hand, neuropsychiatric disorders have been shown to be accompanied with some immune-inflammatory alterations. In this regard in order to make a contribution to the understanding of the ongoing immune disturbance in neuropsychiatric disorders, serum ADA activity was determined in neuropsychiatric patients and compared with healthy controls. Intracellular and extracellular levels of adenosine are tightly controlled by specific nucleoside transporters and several important enzymes, which include adenosine deaminase (ADA) and 5’-nucleotidase (5’-NT) (ADA-4). ADA activity is known to be increased in inflammatory diseases characterized by T-cell activation and proliferation. Therefore, ADA is considered a marker of T-cell activation. In addition, overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anion (Oà ¢- _ 2); nitric oxide (NOà ¢- ) and singlet oxygen (1O2) creates a condition known as oxidative stress, resulting in the amplification of the inflammatory response (ADA-6). Studies related to ADA levels in neuropsychiatric patients are virtually non-existent. ADA and schizophrenia Adenosine may play a role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, since it modulates the release of several neurotransmitters such as glutamate, dopamine, serotonin etc. Dutra GD et al (2009) showed that decreased ADA activity in schizophrenic patients than in control subjects (ADA-7). Brunstein MG et al (2007) reported that the schizophrenic patients treated either with typical antipsychotics or clozapine showed increased serum ADA activity compared to controls (ada-b sub 14). ADA and Depression Elgun et al (1999b) reported that decrease ADA activity in patients with depression compared with controls, might reflect the impaired immune system in depression (A sub). Mackiewicz et al (2006) showed that ADA levels did not change with age in rats (A sub). Herken H et al (2007) showed that ADA levels of the patients were significantly higher than the controls (abstract ref). An increasing body of evidence implicates both brain inflammation and oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of Alzheimers disease (A-9). Inflammation is a cause, contributor, or secondary phenomenon in the disorder inflammatory pathways are altered in the periphery in AD, together with evidence that increased peripheral inflammation leads to more neurodegeneration and accelerated disease progression in animal models. Antioxidants defense:- Humans have evolved a highly complicated antioxidant defense system to combat the damaging effects of free radicals. Under physiological conditions, overproduction of ROS and RNS and their neutralization is prevented by the activity of endogenous anti-oxidative defense system (AOS). Antioxidants are a broad group of compounds which constitute the first line of defense against free radical damage thus are essential for maintaining optimum health and well-being. They are protective agents, capable of stabilizing or deactivating free radicals before they attack cells. Being beneficial compounds, they control free radical formation naturally and help organisms to deal with oxidative stress caused by free radicals (antiox 4) (Fig. 8). Antioxidant system encloses enzymes like superoxide dismutase; catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and other antioxidant-regenerating enzymes such as gluthatione reductase; dehydroascorbate reductase and glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase, that maintains reduced NADPH; hydrophilic scavengers like urate, ascorbate, gluthatione, flavonoids; lipophilic scavengers, like tocopherols, carotenoids and ubiquinone. The great majority of antioxidants are supplied with the diet and includes polyphenols, lipoic and ascorbic acid, carotenoids, lycopene, quercetine, genstein, ellagic acid, ubiquinone and indole-3 carbinole. In fact, in the biological systems, the normal processes of oxidation produces highly reactive free radicals and each of this administered compounds is involved in the physiological redox balance preventing damage to the tissues (antioxi 3). Enzymatic Antioxidants An important part of the intracellular antioxidant defense systems are antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidases. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) SOD is found abundantly in many organisms, from microorganisms to plant and animals, since superoxide radicals (O2−†¢) are toxic to living cells, oxidizing and degrading biologically important molecules, such as lipids and proteins. The role of SOD is to protect aerobic cells against O2−†¢ action. It catalyzes O2−†¢ dismutation reaction into H2O2 and O2−†¢. There are three known types of SOD: two copper-zinc containing SOD (CuZn-SOD), one in cytosol and one bound to the vascular endothelium ( also called â€Å"extracellular SOD† (ECSOD)) and a manganese containing SOD (MnSOD), which is localized in the mitochondrial matrix (antio-4). This enzyme specifically catalyzes the dismutation of O2−†¢ anion into H2O2 and O2−†¢ in a pH-independent medium (5–9.5). Manganese SOD is the mitochondrial form of this dismutase. Its active site contains manganese and reduces the O2−†¢ generated during the ETC. T he amount of MnSOD inside the cell varies according to the number of mitochondria found in each cell type. This enzyme has antitumor activity. Extracellular SOD also contains copper and zinc in its structure and is the main extracellular SOD. It is synthesized inside the cells and secreted into the extracellular matrix (G-66, G-71, SOD-1). Fig. 8- Mechanism of action of antioxidants Catalase (CAT) Catalase is an enzyme that reacts very effectively with H2O2 to form water and molecular oxygen and with H donors (methanol, ethanol, formic acid, or phenols) with peroxidase activity. Catalase protects cells against H2O2 generated inside them. Although CAT is not essential to some cell types under normal conditions, it has an important role in the acquisition of tolerance to ONS in cellular adaptive response (G-10). Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and Glutathione Reductase GPx is an enzyme that contains a single selenocysteine (Sec) residue in each of four identical subunits, which are essential to the enzyme’s activity. Humans have four different GPx types: (1) a classic cytosolic form; (2) a membrane-associated GPx phospholipids, (3) another cytoplasmic enzyme, gastrointestinal GPx; and (4) an extracellular type. All GPx enzymes are known to add two electrons to reduce peroxides by selenols forming (Se-OH). GPx antioxidant properties allow them to eliminate peroxides as potential substrates for Fenton’s reaction. Glutathione peroxidase works together with glutathione tripeptide (GSH), which is present in cells in high (micromolar) concentrations. The substrate for the GPx catalytic reaction is H2O2 or organic peroxide ROOH. Glutathione peroxidase catalyzes hydroperoxide reduction using GSH, thus protecting mammalian cells against oxidative damage. Glutathione metabolism is one of the most important antioxidant defense mechanisms (G-10). Together with classic H2O2-removing enzymes (CAT and GSH-Px), the enzyme thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) is a seleno-flavoprotein which forms the thioredoxin system together with the protein thioredoxin (Trx) and NADPH. This is an effective system to reduce proteins in disulfide form and it also participates actively in the removal of H2O2 and other peroxides (G-57). 4) Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) TrxR catalyzes the reduction of Trx especially, but in humans it can also reduce other substrates, such as vitamin C. This reductase also catalyzes the reduction of disulfide proteins and it is involved in countless vital processes, such as DNA synthesis and the regulation of apoptosis. Additionally, this system also donates electrons during DNA synthesis, and NADPH and human TrxR by themselves or with Trx are efficient electron donors to this human plasma peroxidase, which allows this enzyme to reduce hydroperoxides even when there are low levels of GSH available (G-52). There are three identified TrxR isoenzymes: cytosolic (TrxR-1), mitochondrial (TrxR-2), and a third isoenzyme which has been isolated from the mitochondrion of rat testes (TrxR-3). TrxR-1 has wide substrate specificity, since it is responsible for reducing not only Trx but also hydroperozides, lipoic acid, ubiquinone, and dehydroascorbate. Thus, the Trx system is regarded as having a crucial role maintaining a cell’s redox state. It may also have a role in the system which regulates the expression of redox-sensitive genes through the activation of transcription factors (G-58). Non-enzymatic Antioxidants Vitamin E (ÃŽ ±-tocopherol) The lipid-soluble antioxidant vitamin E is localized in the cell membrane and has been targeted for its relation to atherosclerosis and vascular function. Decreased concentration vitamin E (ÃŽ ±-tocopherol) scavenges the chain-carrying peroxyl radicals rapidly and interrupts the chain propagation. During this reaction, vitamin E becomes a free radical called tocopheryl, which is less reactive than the lipid radical and migrates to the surface of the membrane to be transformed again into tocopherol through the action of ascorbic acid (G-72) (Fig-9). However, in elevated concentrations the tocopheryl radical may act as pro-oxidant. On the other hand, ÃŽ ²-carotene is a hydrophilic precursor of vitamin A and large concentrations accumulate in the membranes of certain tissues. Its antioxidant activity is related to the removal of O2−†¢ and free radicals formed during lipid peroxidation. This activity is due to its conjugated double-bonded structure that can dislocate unpaired electrons, which enables ÃŽ ²-carotene to physically quench singlet oxygen without degradation (G-65). Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) Vitamin C is a hydrosoluble antioxidant, which facilitates its diffusion into intra- and extracellular matrices. Its antioxidant potential is related to direct removal of O2−†¢ and HO†¢. Furthermore, it contributes to regenerating oxidized vitamin E; however, vitamin C also has pro-oxidant activity. It may be the one compound, in addition to HO†¢, that can convert Fe3+ into Fe2+, which then reacts with H2O2 to form OH. Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin that participates in a large number of cell functions (antio 5). All

Cultural Awareness and Competence Essay

Cultural awareness and competence refers to the ability of an individual to postpone judgment and prejudice toward other people based on their religious background, race or ethnicity, sexual orientation or gender, age, and such, and also one’s capability of understanding, accepting, and even adapting to unfamiliar culture, points of view, beliefs, ideologies, traditions, etc. Raising one’s cultural awareness and competence requires allocating time and exerting effort in learning and understanding the concepts of multiculturalism or cultural diversity. For instance, developing specific learning goals and a plan of action is an excellent start to promoting cultural awareness. My desire to raise my cultural awareness of two specific groups, particularly homosexuals and individuals belonging to the black population, require that I set personal learning goals and a plan of action that will guide how I am going to go about the process of learning and understanding culture based on race, ethnicity, and sexual orientation. For this particular case, I believe that two of my learning goals should include reviewing the history of the African-American people, particularly the reasons why they are being discriminated upon, as well as the unfamiliar cultural practices and traditions and the meaning and significance that deepens or intensify their culture, and understanding the personal sentiments and emotions of homosexuals in order for me to recognize where they are coming from and be able to empathize with them in the process regarding their unfortunate situation especially when it comes to being judged or discriminated because of their sexual orientation. In order for me to realize the aforementioned learning goals, I plan to conduct research by reading books, magazines, newspaper articles, journal publications, research studies, online articles, and such, about black people and homosexuality. Moreover, I feel that there is a need for me to socialize with individuals belonging to the African-American culture and homosexuals in order for me to obtain first-hand information about their sentiments, experiences, knowledge, and such. I believe that through my willingness and determination to immerse myself into the African-American culture and the world of homosexuality, I will be able to promote cultural awareness simply by being conscious of the issues that they burden themselves with. EXODUS International is an online website that discriminates against homosexuals. It is a religion-based organization that provides assistance for individuals who want to â€Å"leave homosexuality. † The organization subtly reiterates that homosexuality is against the will and the word of God and that â€Å"leaving homosexuality† is a way for individuals to live a better life according to what God wants for His children. Moreover, within the lines of EXODUS International’s mission and objectives, the organization clearly mentions that homosexuals will not be able to live a fulfilling and holy life. (EXODUS International, 2005) The blog â€Å"Stuff White People Like† is an online website that discriminates against African-Americans simply because the site is devoted to discuss issues that generalize on the likes and dislikes of white people. The website lists more than one hundred things that white people like. I believe generalizing and labeling things or situations as something that is true or amenable only for a certain race is close to prejudice and bias since one is limiting these things and situations to a particular race only despite the fact that other individuals from diverse racial backgrounds may share the likes and dislikes of white people. (Stuff White People Like, 2009) I can honestly say that I am non-judgmental or prejudice in any way against any group of people in society depending on their race, ethnicity, religion, age, sexual orientation, gender, and such. I am also proud to say that my parents raised me well. Although my family is American and adheres to Christianity as a religion, we do not judge other people from different racial backgrounds and religions. Because of my parents and family, I was able to understand that people are different from each other, and although we are different, I do not have the right to judge other people because of it. Moreover, I understand that people have different frames of mind or worldviews and we see things and situations differently. Handling the matter only requires respect and acceptance and the understanding of cultural diversity or multiculturalism. Judging from my self-assessment of my cultural awareness and competency, I believe I will be able to uphold moral and ethical principles in my profession, especially with issues that concern multiculturalism. Perhaps the only challenge that I would have to face is how I am going to develop and increase my cultural awareness to cope with multicultural trends and new information. References EXODUS International. (2005). Thinking of Leaving Homosexuality? Retrieved January 7, 2009, from Exodus International. Website: http://exodus. to/help/? option=com_content&task=view&id=327&Itemid=147 Harvey, C. & Alard, M. J. (2008). Understanding and Managing Diversity, 4th Ed. Prentice Hall. Stuff White People Like. (2009). Retrieved January 7, 2009, from Stuff White People Like. Website: http://stuffwhitepeoplelike. com/

Hallowed Ground – Creative Writing

One damp morning in the spring of 1951, an elderly woman sat in her drawing room, and stared out of the Edwardian window, stretching from the floor to the ceiling. The velvet green curtains fluttered slightly against a draft. This is her place of rest, were she chose to lead the rest of her life peacefully. She gazed into her garden. Her drawing room was vacant when compared with the beauty of nature. The walls were lined with great masterpieces, her tables decorated with beautiful and rare Ming vases. She sat upright against the silk tapestry cushions of the chair. She loved the outdoors, and always felt uncomfortable with the four walls enclosing her, no matter how beautifully they were decorated. She always adored her garden, the white and pink roses in her numerous and perfectly arranged, symmetrical beds. The garden had limestone stairs, and she peered out of the window, down the grey-white steps, to a garden that stretched to the horizon. The grass was a pure deep green. And in the centre, a pond, stretching horizontally from one end of the garden to the other, the only means of crossing was an old bridge of pale wood with small engravings of dragons lining its railings. She watched the golden red carp glitter in the soft morning sun under the water's surface. Her garden shone with pink and white blossoms. The flowers, at this time of year were mainly spring pansies, daffodils and bluebells, dripping with morning dew. The rose bushes stretched all the way across the left side of the brick wall, ruining its foundations. She remembered old age, spreading through her body like the flower, ruining her strength. Her once able body was frail. Time was running out: the hourglass had tipped. She leant forward to the man across the table, sipping his tea and waiting patiently for a reply. She felt his harsh gaze in her eyes. â€Å"So, Miss Amanda Daley†, he began, â€Å"are you considering ever using our services again, perhaps writing another book or novel? I hope you know, and of course you do, being a lady of worth, that our services are at the best of prices and of the highest quality.† His words remained unanswered, and she carried on staring out of the window. His pinstripe suit and unmarked suede shoes were intimidating, and clearly he was a wealthy man, ignorant to suffering. She was uncomfortable in his company, and like a small child, looked at the floor. And yet, she hated silence, the social void, representing her lack of communal knowledge, and gossip could spread about her past. She sat with her back erect, causing her pain. And yet, she felt that etiquette overcame physical pain, as her father had always taught her. Her back throbbed. She was indifferent to her publication anyhow, since she grew increasingly ill, relief succumbed to etiquette. Her back relaxed. And, as she suspected, she felt a kind of paternal betrayal. Finally, she brought herself to mutter a few words, â€Å"Yes, thank you, I know. I shall send a telegram when necessary. My book will be finished in about three weeks. Come to collect the papers when I call.† She led him to the front door, where he stepped into his automobile. ‘Being a lady of worth'- these words irritated her, span around in her head, but she kept calm and showed no discontent. His car vanished through the drive, and she saw no point in waving him off. She had work to do. She was to begin her story. She sat in the drawing room, asked the maid to fetch her a blanket and hot tea, and sat at the oak table near another window. She stared at her aged hands and wrinkled face in the reflection of her silver teapot, each line representing a time in her life, and she also noticed her hollow eyes. The blue veins emerged on her fingers, as if her condition had just appeared overnight. But alas, this was not so. They did not just emerge, but the veins remained; no medicine could possibly cure it. She had simply not cared before. There were more important things to handle previously; age was a meagre aspect amongst her losses. She sat back, and allowed the painful memories to enter her mind. (2) Her mother, whom she adored with all her heart, would tell her stories when she sat up in bed, and listened with the same intent, even though the stories were often alike. Once her mother had left, and she had said her prayer, she looked out of her window to the star-studded sky, against the black sheet of infinity, and rested against it, was the chalky moon. She shut her eyes. At sunrise, she saw her father leaving the house, as usual. He shut the door with the same pessimism. His job was tedious, though he was too arrogant with false masculinity to ever admit it. He was well educated, well dressed, well paid and an owner of a leading company. He paid for servants to look after her family, even though her mother saw it as an intrusion of privacy. The house was situated on the edge of the sea cliffs, and the path following down to the ocean was lined with jagged rocks, sharp enough to cut. An hour later she tore her shoe on the steep path when walking down to the bay. As she stared deep into the horizon, she wondered what was beyond it. The sea lapped at her bare feet and she felt a slight spiritual familiarity with her surroundings, an eternal bonding of the vast and treacherous sea with her small, trusting heart. The sea sang into her ears, the wind caressed her skin and the sea appeared to be studded with thousands of diamonds against a turquoise backdrop. The sun blazed and her skin shone pink. She returned to a silent house. â€Å"Mother†, she called, looking uncertain, bracing herself. A splutter came from upstairs, and the servants were nowhere to be seen. She saw her mother coming down the stairs. The reply was not as dire as she had expected or it was and she simply did not understand. â€Å"Annabella†, her mother said. She spoke in a quiet tone, one that would have been soothing if it were not for the overwhelming fear that she could sense in her mother's eyes and expression. â€Å"Your father has been injured at his factory. Now, I don't expect you to understand this but we are treading on thin ice. We may be in slight financial trouble, but there is no reason to worry.† But there was. Annabella could sense it. What was a pretty Victorian house was now wrought with depression. Annabella stopped walking down the beach, and fell asleep in tears. The month later, she was roused by Victoria, her maid, and was told to dress. She met her mother at the breakfast table. Her beautiful green eyes were now veiled with tears, her curled blonde hair was now matted and greasy. She managed to force out the words, but Annabella knew exactly what she was about to hear. The house was silent again, no coughing, no cries and no shouts. She whimpered and tensed herself. All she heard was, â€Å"He's gone.† No sounds from her father, no reminders of the infected wound. She did not cry. She was grieving ever since he was hurt, and she knew it. Her father had died after a wild fever and her family suffered in horrible grief, his death believed to have been caused by the infected wound. Once she understood the cruel consequences of her father's death; a growing anger came over her, like a flame on oil. â€Å"Why has he left us?† she asked herself. â€Å"He had not taken any care; no money was ever left except for the pittance that remained after debts and taxes. There was no longer any financial help. He left my mother in hysterical tears, a sorry and disconcerting spectacle to their children.† (3) Even though it was many years since her father's funeral, she remembered the light oak coffin in which her father's body rested comfortably against a white silk tapestry. She remembered the echoing aisle sounds of shoes against the limestone floor, her silent mother and wailing brother, still young and too small to understand. During the final stages of his life, he had grown incredibly weak and thin. Two dark pits surrounded his eyes and the red and brown liquid seeping from his mouth. Her mother was always kneeling at his bedside with a damp cloth in order to calm the fever. The injury in his chest had become infected, and his whole chest was swollen, and his temperature soared. He often vomited. He cried during the night and woke up the house. Her mother never allowed servants to look after him, and she stayed by him, feeling that it was her responsibility. The memories of her father stayed with Annabella for the rest of her life, traumatising her, and yet provided her with an inner strength and understanding of the temporality of life. Unable to hold her pen any longer Annabella sat back, shut her eyes and waited till she had the enthusiasm to start the next chapter. The book, rather than being a release of the emotional torments, became a burden of pain.

The Animal Of Animal Welfare Act - 1851 Words

Animal Welfare Act Casandra Sasaki Eagle High School Abstract The Animal Welfare Act, passed in 1966, establishes guidelines for the protection of animals used for research and other purposes, defines the requirements for facilities housing those animals, and outlines the procedures for inspection and maintenance of those facilities by government entities. This paper explores the pros and cons of the act as well as the effectiveness of the guidelines and their enforcement. Finally, it makes several recommendations based on the evidence presented. Policy Identification and Explanation The policy that I am researching is: â€Å"United States Code: CHAPTER 54—TRANSPORTATION, SALE, AND HANDLING OF CERTAIN ANIMALS.† (Animal Welfare Act, 2015). This is the Animal Welfare Act. Because the Animal Welfare act has so many parts to it, the section I am focusing on is: â€Å" §2143: â€Å"Standards and certification process for humane handling, care, treatment, and transportation of animals† (Animal Welfare Act, 2015). This specific section is focusing on animal testing in research facilities across the United States. It tells the minimum requirements for animals’ housing, treatment, care, sanitation, etc. This section also states the requirements for procedures done on animals. Section three, part B states: â€Å"the principal investigator considers alternatives to any procedure likely to produce pain or distress† (Animal Welfare Act, 2015). The Animal Welfare Act is a federal law,Show MoreRelatedAnimal Testing and The Animal Welfare Act1417 Words   |  6 PagesMany scientists claim that without animal testing, medical breakthroughs and research would not have progressed to where it is today. 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TheseRead MoreZoos: The Federal Animal Welfare Act 1167 Words   |  5 Pagescomfortable environment; making animals happy and content; educating the world about wildlife; and saving species from the brink of extinction while at the same time providing vital research into the lives of animals. There is a moral presumption against keeping wild, defenseless animals in captivity. The zoo is a prison for animals who have been sentenced without a trial. Either we have duties to animals or we do not. I feel that we have a duty and responsibility to animals and need to provide themRead MoreAnimal Welfare Act Of 1966. Before 1966, Almost Of Animals,1660 Words   |  7 PagesAnimal Welfare Act of 1966 Before 1966, almost of animals, family pets as well, were being taken away by thieves and burglars because a lot of laboratories were paying others to do the messed up dirty work all so they could test on them with all sorts of chemicals. Between 1908-1973, President Lyndon B. Johnson saw this and the heard cries and sorrow of the people and didn’t agree with what was going on. On August 24th, 1966 President Johnson created a nameless act in order to ensure and protectRead MoreAnimal Welfare Act Of The Ringling Brothers Circus1506 Words   |  7 PagesAnimals in captivity are being forced to perform for human entertainment, but have to go through different forms of mistreatment to succeed in their performances. When it comes to billion dollar companies, such as, SeaWorld Entertainment and Ringling Brothers and Barnum Bailey circus, abuse their animals at a very young age in return of profit from admission ticket sales. The Animal Welfare Act regulates housing, exhibiting, c are, licensing, and care for animals in captivity. Although, it onlyRead MoreAnimal Experimentation At University College London1685 Words   |  7 PagesI. Introduction a. 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